The Factor Method pattern lets a class developer define the interface for creating an object while retaining control of which class to instantiate, see pic:
To summarize, the signs that Factory Method is at work are that an operation:
- Creates a new object
- Returns a type that is an abstract calss or an interface
- The class/interface returned is implemented by several classes (The subclass is to determine which class to instantiate)
The spirit of Factory Method is that the object creator makes a choice about which of several possible classes to instantiate for the client. In other words, Factory Method lets subclasses decide which class to instantiate.
The Iterator in Java is a good example for Factory Method.
The Factory Method pattern often appears when we use parallel herarchies to model a problem domain. Factory Method lets you connect parallel hiearchies by letting subclasses in one hierarchy determine which class to instantiate in the corresponding hierarchy, see pic:
and sequence diagram:
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